Improvement in caloric-engines for raising water



D. W. VAN RENNES. CALORI'C ENGINES FOR RAISING WATER. Nd. 185,199..Pumped Dec. 12,1876;

THE GRAPHIC CO-N.\

UNITED a @mcn DIRK WILLEM VAN RENNES, OF UTREOHT, ASSIGNOR OF PART- OFHIS RIGHT TO YAN BAREND HENDRIK VAN ROYEN, OF ARNHEM, AND PIERRE JOSEPHHENRY BAUDET, OF UTREOHT, NETHERLANDS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CALORlC-ENGINES FOR RAISING WATER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,199, dated December12, 1876; application filed J une 9, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DIRK WILLEM VAN RENNES, of Utrecht, Kingdom of theNetherlands, have invented certain Improvements in Caloric-Engines; and1 do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing,making a part of the same.

This invention consists in an engine in which the alternate expansionand contrac tion of air shut up in a vessel, within which moves a secondcylinder acting as a repeller, and which is placed partly in a furnace,or is heated by a flame, and is partly surrounded by a refrigerator, soas to allow the air contained within it alternately to expand andcontract, acts directly on a liquid which is to be raised.

This engine has three essential parts: First, an iron cylinder composedof two parts, whose sides have a difi'erent thickness. Within thecylinder moves a repeller, of wrought-iron, which, in every doublerange, allows the air to leave and enter the cylinder, whose lower partis heated in a furnace or by means of a flame, and whose upper part iscontinually cooled by means of a surrounding water-box. Second, a boxprovided with valves, one of which (the eduction-valve) opens on a pipein which the water is repulsed by the pression of the air, while theother opens on a pipe through which the water or other liquid may ascendinto the box, and the third actsas a safety-valve. Third, a regulatorintended to make the repeller move alternately in the heated and cooledparts of the cylinder.

' In the drawing annexed hereunto the regulator bears the letter A, thecylinder with furnace and water-box B, the valve-box O.

I. The cylinder with furnace and waterbox: The cylinder T t is composedof two parts-the upper part, t, of wrought-iron, and the lower part, T,of cast-iron. WVithin the cylinder the repeller X, of wrought-iron,hollow, and hermetically closed, is left to ascend and descend freely,leaving to the surrounding air sufficient space for circulating. Thefurnace D receives fuel at b b, and heats the lower part T of thecylinder T t. The air contained within this part is heated and expanded.The furnace has a chimney, and may be either portable, or in masonry, ormay be totally dispensed with when the cylinder is heated by a flame.The upper part of the cylinder, of wrought-iron, bears a cover with astuffingbox, and is surrounded by a water-box, t, in- I tended to coolthis part. The cooler is screened from the surface by an interveninglayer of air or any other substance. Whenever the repeller X hasattained its upper position the air which is-underneath will be stronglyheated and expanded. Whenever the repeller dcscends within the cylinderthe air will be driven into the upper part, it, where it will be cooledand contract, through the action of the cold water which surrounds thispart. So, by making the repeller rise and descend within the cylinder,the air contained within will be alternately heated and expand, will becooled and contract. By a special provision the air contained within thecylinder may be put into communication with the outer air, both wheneverthe repeller attains its highest and its lowest station. This aim isattained by means of a sliding valve adapted on one side of the motor orregulator to. By this contrivance the expanded hot air finds an issueimmediately after having acted on the fluid and propelled the piston ofthe motor or regulator a, and, on the contrary, cold air is admitted assoon as the atmospheric pression exceeds the pression of the cooled airwithin the cylinder. Under circumstances this sliding valve may bedispensed with.

II. The valve-box O: This box, together with the ascension-pipe and therepulsionpipe, constitutes a pump. The eduction-valve n in therepulsion-pipe allows the water to rise into this pipe, and prevents itsrunning back again. pression of the air within the cylinder T t ishigher than the atmospheric pression and the pression of the liquid inthe repulsion-pipe taken together. The valve is shut when the twopressions are in a state of equilibrium. The admission-valve 0 openswhenever the rarefaction of the air within the valve-box O The valveopens whenever the is sufficient, and then it allows the water;.-to riseintoithe box. It is :Shllpb?WhBDBVBI'r-tlrlfi cause is suspended. Thevalve m at" the end of the pipe 1, being lighter than the liquid,withholds this liquid from entering into the cylinder, whichcouldotherwise happen at, a

very high rarefaction of the air in the cylinder T t.

any other system of valves may equally answer the said purposes.

III. The regulator Az TherepelleraX rises and sinks within the cylinderT t, being moved by a motor, a. This regulator is a small oscillatin grcylinder, in which moves a piston, all,v

connected by a rod and crank with the fl y? I wheel. An elastic tube, S,allows the heated air of the cylinder T to enter into the upper yart ofthe cylinder andto repnlsewtlrepi-ston a. When the ainin thecylindery'lltiscooledthe piston a, risesthrough'ithe pressioncof theatmospheric air, wh-ichenters into the small;

In this manner it m-ay 'be-called a safety-valve. It-may be easilyunderstood that-- cylinidera through a hole in its cover. TherepelIer-X, connected by a rod Fandcraulr with the fly-wh'eel," willrise and'sink' in consequence of the sinking and rising of the smallpiston a: The velocity of this motion may be regulated arbitrarily.bypartlyshutting, the hole in the cover of the cylinder.

What I' cl-aimas my invention is-- The combination, im adeviceforsrai-sing water or any other liquid, of the cylinder T t, inwhich air is made to alternately expand and contract: bya displmcer; theregulator a, the valve-box G, and valves 0 and n, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose set Imwitness whereof I have hereuntosigned my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

D. VAN'RENNES. Witnesses B. J. H. BAU ET,

G. LUNEMBURIGL

